关键词: 车辆自组织网络, 接入选择算法, 路边单元, 无线通信, 移动性

Abstract:  Real-time communication problems of vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure in VANET (Vehicular Ad hoc Network, VANET) have been taken more and more attention by researchers. The high speed mobility of vehicles and the unreliability of wireless communication greatly reduced the efficiency of data transmission. In order to solve this problem, the attention is focused on the dynamic access selection of RSU (Road Side Unit, RSU) in VANET and a new RSU selection algorithm is proposed to allocate vehicles access to related RSUs. The conventional access method is based on the signal strength of vehicles received from related RSU, but it does not take full account of the high speed mobility of vehicles which will lead to a vast variability of number of vehicles connected to RSU. In this paper, a method of real-time monitoring and forecasting is used to adjust certain vehicle connect on reasonable RSU to make the load of each RSU as much as balance, which will minimize the variability of the number of vehicles connected to each RSU, and ensure the RSU can be fully utilized. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the message collision, enhance the probability of collision free transmission, and improve the successful packet transmission rate effectively.

Key words: Vehicular Ad hoc network, access election algorithm, road side unit, wireless communication, mobility