Abstract:

Since the disadvantages and limitation of anti-collision system with radar in aircraft ( ACSR-anti-collision system with radar
in aircraft) ，the terrain avoidance strategy was proposed，which adopted the virtual radar to substitute the airborne radar system to solve
the problem of the terrain anti-collision． According to characteristics of aircraft motion，uniform motion model，uniformly accelerated
motion model and the current statistic model were established，which are suitable for fast and accurate prediction． The principle of the
interacting multiple model and Kalman filtering were adopted to predict the aircraft flight conditions in real time which were used to
match the airborne terrain database to avoid crash． The prediction arithmetic was testified by simulation，and the results show that the
prediction time has important effect on deviation． But the warning level can be determined according to the forecast time． The research
demonstrated that terrain avoidance is much more advanced than ACSR，and it can replace ACSR．

Key words: aircraft, terrain avoidance, interacting multiple models, radar anti-collision

摘要：

为了解决飞机前视地形防撞问题，针对机载防撞雷达系统的缺点及局限性，提出了一种以虚拟雷达替代机载防撞雷达系统的基于交互多模型的飞机地形规避策略。该方法根据飞机机动运动特点，建立适于准确快速预测的匀速运动模型、匀加速运动模型以及当前统计模型，采用交互多模型原理结合成熟的卡尔曼滤波估计技术，对飞机未来飞行状态进行实时预测，根据飞机飞行状态预测结果与机载地形库进行匹配以进行地形规避。通过仿真的方法，以F16 飞机为例，对飞机飞行状态预测算法进行了验证，结果表明，对于较长时间预测，预测时间对预测精度有很大影响，可根据预测时间确定告警等级。研究还表明基于交互多模型的飞机地形规避方法，相比于机载雷达防撞系统具有无可比拟的优势，可以替代机载雷达防撞系统。

关键词: 飞机, 地形规避, 交互多模型, 雷达防撞